Following celebrities’ medical advice: meta-narrative analysis
Identifieur interne : 000F03 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000F02; suivant : 000F04Following celebrities’ medical advice: meta-narrative analysis
Auteurs : Steven J. Hoffman [Canada, États-Unis] ; Charlie Tan [Canada]Source :
- BMJ : British Medical Journal [ 0959-8138 ] ; 2013-12-17.
Abstract
Objective To synthesise what is known about how celebrities influence people’s decisions on health. Design Meta-narrative analysis of economics, marketing, psychology, and sociology literatures. Data sources Systematic searches of electronic databases: BusinessSource Complete (1886-), Communication & Mass Media Complete (1915-), Humanities Abstracts (1984-), ProQuest Political Science (1985-), PsycINFO (1806-), PubMed (1966-), and Sociology Abstracts (1952-). Inclusion criteria Studies discussing mechanisms of celebrities’ influence on people in any context. Results Economics literature shows that celebrity endorsements act as signals of credibility that differentiate products or ideas from competitors and can catalyse herd behaviour. Marketing studies show that celebrities transfer their desirable attributes to products and use their success to boost their perceived credibility. Psychology shows that people are classically conditioned to react positively to the advice of celebrities, experience cognitive dissonance if they do not, and are influenced by congruencies with their self conceptions. Sociology helps explain the spread of celebrity medical advice as a contagion that diffuses through social networks and people’s desire to acquire celebrities’ social capital. Conclusions The influence of celebrity status is a deeply rooted process that can be harnessed for good or abused for harm. A better understanding of celebrity can empower health professionals to take this phenomenon seriously and use patient encounters to educate the public about sources of health information and their trustworthiness. Public health authorities can use these insights to implement regulations and restrictions on celebrity endorsements and design counter marketing initiatives—perhaps even partnering with celebrities—to discredit bogus medical advice while promoting evidence based practices.
Url:
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.f7151
Affiliations:
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Hoffman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tan, Charlie" sort="Tan, Charlie" uniqKey="Tan C" first="Charlie" last="Tan">Charlie Tan</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:8C2CFCEEC11839E812D8C492B46E508AE4099047</idno><date when="2013" year="2013">2013</date><idno type="doi">10.1136/bmj.f7151</idno><idno type="url">https://api-v5.istex.fr/document/8C2CFCEEC11839E812D8C492B46E508AE4099047/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">001257</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">001257</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Curation">001257</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Checkpoint">000021</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000021</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">0959-8138:2013:Hoffman S:following:celebrities:medical</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000F15</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000F03</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000F03</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a">Following celebrities’ medical advice: meta-narrative analysis</title><author><name sortKey="Hoffman, Steven J" sort="Hoffman, Steven J" uniqKey="Hoffman S" first="Steven J" last="Hoffman">Steven J. Hoffman</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country>Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics and McMaster Health Forum, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, MML-417, Hamilton, Ontario</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Global Health & Population, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country wicri:rule="url">Canada</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tan, Charlie" sort="Tan, Charlie" uniqKey="Tan C" first="Charlie" last="Tan">Charlie Tan</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Michael G DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">BMJ : British Medical Journal</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">BMJ</title><idno type="ISSN">0959-8138</idno><idno type="eISSN">1756-1833</idno><imprint><publisher>British Medical Journal Publishing Group</publisher><date type="published" when="2013-12-17">2013-12-17</date><biblScope unit="volume">347</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0959-8138</idno></series><idno type="istex">8C2CFCEEC11839E812D8C492B46E508AE4099047</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1136/bmj.f7151</idno><idno type="href">bmj-347-bmj-f7151.pdf</idno><idno type="ArticleID">hofs013957</idno><idno type="local">bmj;347/dec17_14/f7151</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0959-8138</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">Objective To synthesise what is known about how celebrities influence people’s decisions on health. Design Meta-narrative analysis of economics, marketing, psychology, and sociology literatures. Data sources Systematic searches of electronic databases: BusinessSource Complete (1886-), Communication & Mass Media Complete (1915-), Humanities Abstracts (1984-), ProQuest Political Science (1985-), PsycINFO (1806-), PubMed (1966-), and Sociology Abstracts (1952-). Inclusion criteria Studies discussing mechanisms of celebrities’ influence on people in any context. Results Economics literature shows that celebrity endorsements act as signals of credibility that differentiate products or ideas from competitors and can catalyse herd behaviour. Marketing studies show that celebrities transfer their desirable attributes to products and use their success to boost their perceived credibility. Psychology shows that people are classically conditioned to react positively to the advice of celebrities, experience cognitive dissonance if they do not, and are influenced by congruencies with their self conceptions. Sociology helps explain the spread of celebrity medical advice as a contagion that diffuses through social networks and people’s desire to acquire celebrities’ social capital. Conclusions The influence of celebrity status is a deeply rooted process that can be harnessed for good or abused for harm. A better understanding of celebrity can empower health professionals to take this phenomenon seriously and use patient encounters to educate the public about sources of health information and their trustworthiness. Public health authorities can use these insights to implement regulations and restrictions on celebrity endorsements and design counter marketing initiatives—perhaps even partnering with celebrities—to discredit bogus medical advice while promoting evidence based practices.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Canada</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Massachusetts</li><li>Ontario</li></region><settlement><li>Hamilton (Ontario)</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université McMaster</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Canada"><region name="Ontario"><name sortKey="Hoffman, Steven J" sort="Hoffman, Steven J" uniqKey="Hoffman S" first="Steven J" last="Hoffman">Steven J. Hoffman</name></region><name sortKey="Hoffman, Steven J" sort="Hoffman, Steven J" uniqKey="Hoffman S" first="Steven J" last="Hoffman">Steven J. Hoffman</name><name sortKey="Tan, Charlie" sort="Tan, Charlie" uniqKey="Tan C" first="Charlie" last="Tan">Charlie Tan</name></country><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Massachusetts"><name sortKey="Hoffman, Steven J" sort="Hoffman, Steven J" uniqKey="Hoffman S" first="Steven J" last="Hoffman">Steven J. Hoffman</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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